Codes: Canadian SALI Areas of Law
		Draft Canada categories V 1.0 Date: 12-18-20
Level 1	Level 2 and 3	Description IN PROGRESS
Banking Law		Law that governs how banks and other financial institutions conduct business.
	Banking Operations	Law governing routine banking operations including bank capital requirements, risk management, etc.
	Bank Secrecy and Anti-Money Laundering	Law regulating financial institutions relating to money laundering.
Bankruptcy, Insolvency and Restructuring		Laws relating to insolvent individuals and companies.
	Corporate Bankruptcy, Insolvency and Restructuring	Law relating to insolvency of corporations.
	Personal bankruptcy	Law relating to debt relief for individuals.
Constitutional and Human Rights		Rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.
	Discrimination	Protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender, sexual orientation, national origin, color, age, political affiliation, ethnicity, religion, and disability.
	Individual	Individual rights such as privacy and the freedom of thought, speech, religion, press, assembly, and movement.
	Political	Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and the right to vote.
Corporate Law		Law that governs the formation and operation of corporations.
	Business Organizations	Law governing the creation and operation of businesses.
	Corporate Governance	Mechanisms, processes, and relations by which corporations are controlled and operated.
	Mergers and Acquisitions	Law dealing with companies that are purchasing and/or merging with other companies.
	Private Equity, Hedge Funds and Venture Capital
Commercial Law		Law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and businesses engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales.
	Franchise Law	TBD
	Commercial Transactions	Law related to business contracts and agreements.
Competition and Trade Law
	Admiralty and Maritime Law	Law that governs nautical issues and private maritime disputes.
	Antitrust and Competition	Law surrounding business competition.
	Consumer Protection	TBD
	Trade Law	TBD
Criminal Law		Law concerned with the punishment of individuals who commit crimes.
	Anti-Corruption	Law addressing bribery of public officials.
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	Asset Forfeiture	Asset forfeiture or asset seizure is a form of confiscation of assets by the state.
	Business and Financial Crimes	Fraud, embezzlement, ponzi, etc. False Claims Act.
	Cybercrime	Crimes committed using a computer or directed at computers, data, or other information technology - piracy, hacking, etc.
	Organized Crime	Law related to curtailing organized crime.
Education Law		The body of law that covers teachers, schools, school districts, school boards, and the students they teach.
Energy Law		Law concerned with creating, enforcing and challenging laws that regulate energy use.
	Nuclear	Law regulating nuclear power and nuclear materials.
	Oil and Gas	Law pertaining to the acquisition and ownership rights in oil and gas both under the soil before discovery and after its capture, and adjudication regarding those rights.
	Renewable Energy	Laws pertaining to renewable energy.
	Hydroelectric Energy Law	Laws pertaining to hydroelectric power.
	Solar Energy Law	Laws pertaining to solar power.
	Wind Power Law	Law pertaining to wind power.
	Sales and Transmission	Law involving all aspects of the economic regulation of energy utilities including electric utilities, power generation and electric transmission, distribution of electricity, natural gas, crude and petroleum, and coal.
Environmental and Natural Resource Law		Law addressing environmental pollution and natural resource management.
	Air Quality	Law governing the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere.
	Contaminant Cleanup	Law governing the removal of pollution or contaminants from environmental media such as soil, sediment, surface water, or groundwater.
	Chemical Safety	Law governing the use of chemicals in human activities, particularly man-made chemicals in modern industrial applications.
	Impact Assessment	Assessment of the environmental consequences (positive and negative) of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action.
	Forest Resources	Laws governing activities in designated forest lands, most commonly with respect to forest management and timber harvesting.
	Fish and Game	Laws regulating the right to pursue and take or kill certain kinds of fish and wild animal (game).
	Mineral Resources	Laws covering the ownership of the mineral resource and who can work them.
	Water Quality	Law governing the release of pollutants into water resources.
	Water Resources and Wetlands	Laws governing the ownership and use of water resources, including surface water and groundwater, oceans and seas.
	Wildlife and Plants	Laws governing the potential impact of human activity on wild animals or plants, whether directly on individuals or populations, or indirectly via habitat degradation.
	Waste Management	Law governing the transport, treatment, storage, and disposal of all manner of waste, including municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, and nuclear waste.
Finance and Lending		Law supporting the function of providing loans or other financing to businesses or individuals.
	Commercial Finance	Law supporting the function of providing loans or other financing to businesses.
	Lender Liability	Law which holds lender liable for a borrower's financial losses that are directly or indirectly related to the lender's actions.
Food and Drug Law		Laws regulating food, drugs, and cosmetics.
Gaming Law		Law, rules, and regulations that apply to the gaming or gambling industry.
Health Law		Law, rules, regulations and other jurisprudence among providers, payers and vendors to the health care industry and its patients; and (2) delivery of health care services; all with an emphasis on operations, regulatory and transactional legal issues.
Information, Privacy and Data Security Law		Law regulating the protection of information and information systems from unauthorized access
	Cybersecurity	Law and rules related to the protection of information and information systems.
	Government Access and Disclosure	Law relating to the access and disclosure of information by a government.
	Privacy	Laws regulating the storing, and using of personally identifiable information of individuals.
Insurance Law		Law surrounding insurance, including insurance policies and claims.
	Accident Benefits Law	TBD
	Disability Insurance Law	TBD
Intellectual Property And Technology		Law protecting the legal rights to inventions, designs, and artistic works.
	Copyright Law	Laws intended to encourage the creation of art and culture by rewarding authors and artists with a set of exclusive rights.
	Patent Law	Law is designed to encourage inventors to disclose their new technology to the world by offering the incentive of a limited-time monopoly on the technology.
	Trademark and Trade Dress Law	Law protecting a business' commercial identity or brand by or product design discouraging other businesses from adopting a name, logo or design that is "confusingly similar" to an existing trademark or design.
	Trade Secret Law	Law relating to trade secrets.
Labour and Employment Law		Law relating to the relationship between trade individuals, unions, employers and the government.
	Human Rights	Law relating to protected class employment discrimination including retaliation and harassment
	Occupational Health and Safety	Law governing the health and safety of employees.
	Employment Immigration	National statutes, and regulations governing employment-based immigration into and deportation from a country.
	Labour Law	Law relating to the relationship between trade unions, employers and the government.
	Pension and Benefits Law	Law relating to retirement and welfare benefit plans, with particular emphasis on benefits arrangements.
	Unemployment Insurance	Unemployment benefits refer to those benefits given by the government to unemployed persons.
	Emploment Standards	Law that governs the wages rates an employer can pay its employees, the hours for which an employer must compensate its employees, child labor laws and meal and break laws.
	Workplace Safety and Insurance	Law addressing wage replacement and medical benefits to employees injured in the course of employment.
	Termination	Law encompassing rules by which an employer may terminate an employee.
	Employment Contracts	TBD
	Employment Law	TBD
	Indepenent Contractors	TBD
	Pay Equity	TBD
Municipal Law		TBD
Personal and Family Law		Law that deals with family matters and domestic relations.
	Adoption, Surrogacy and Paternity	Laws relating to adoption, surrogacy and paternity.
	Custody Law	TBD
	Immigration Law	National statutes, and regulations governing immigration into and deportation from a country including issues of naturalization and citizenship.
	Juvenile Law	Juvenile law and child protective proceedings.
	Matrimonial	Laws relating to marriage, civil unions, and domestic partnerships.
	Probate	TBD
	Trusts and Estate Planning	TBD
Public and Administrative Law		Law which governs relationships between individuals and the government, and the activities of administrative agencies of government including rule making, adjudication, or the enforcement of a specific regulatory agenda.
	Election Law	Legal procedures and regulations governing elections.
	Government Contracts	Laws relating to contracts in which the government is a party.
	Indigenous People's Law	Legal procedures and regulations that are specific to indigenous peoples' rights.
	Military and Veterans Law	Legal procedures and regulations specific to the military and veterans rights.
	Public Finance	Law including legislation and regulations relating to the financial activities of government or public sector organizations.
	Public Policy and Government Affairs	Rules surrounding lobbying and political advocacy.
	Project Finance Law	Legal procedures and regulations specific to the development, equity and non-recourse debt financing, construction, operation, and maintenance of major industrial and infrastructure projects.
	Public Health and Welfare	Law relating to the authority of the government at various jurisdictional levels to improve the health of the general population within societal limits and norms.
Real Property Law		Law that governs the various forms of ownership and tenancy in real property.
	Condominium Law	TBD
	Construction and Development	Law dealing with matters relating to building construction, engineering, and related fields.
	Expropriation	Law regulating the taking of private land for public use.
	Landlord & Tenant Law	Law that details the rights and duties of landlords and tenants
	Land Use and Zoning Law	Law regulating the subdivision, use, and restriction of land.
	Property Rights	Law relating to the acquisition and transfer of real property.
Securities and Financial Instruments Law		Law covering transactions and other dealings with securities including both federal- and state-level regulation by purely governmental regulatory agencies, listing requirements of exchanges, and rules of self-regulatory organizations.
	Broker-Dealer	Law surrounding individuals engaged in effecting transactions in securities for others or for their own account.
	Commodities	Law governing commodities and futures trading activities.
	Derivatives and Futures	Law governing derivatives.
	Exchanges	Rules regarding market places or facilities for bringing together purchasers and sellers of securities.
	Investment Advisor	Rules regarding investment adviser duties and responsibilities.
	Investment Companies	Regulations on companies that engage primarily in investing, reinvesting, and trading in securities, and whose own securities are offered to the investing public.
	Security Offerings and Capital Markets	Corporate debt and equity issuance (public and private) and markets.
	Structured Finance	Law surrounding securitization and asset-backed securities.
Tax and Revenue Law		Law which deals with the constitutional, common-law, statutory, tax treaty, and regulatory rules that constitute the law applicable to taxation.
	Estates, Gifts, and Trusts	Laws regulating estate or personal planning and administration.
	Non-Profit and Exempt Organizations	Laws that govern non-profit and charitable organizations operations and management.
	Tax	Federal, State, and Local tax laws.
Telecommunications Law		Laws regulating telecommunications and broadcasting.
	Telecommunication Utilites	Laws regulating telecommunications and broadcasting utilities.
Personal Injury and Torts		Law which allows an injured person to obtain compensation from the person who caused the injury.
	Assault	Law relating to inflicting physical harm or unwanted physical contact upon a person or a threat or attempt to commit such an action.
	Defamation	The action of damaging the good reputation of someone; slander or libel.
	Fraud and Economic Torts	The wrong done by another person or business that occurs in, or affects, commerce.
	Negligence	Failure to exercise the care that a reasonably prudent person or professional, in the case of professional negligence, would exercise in like circumstances and the harm caused by those actions.
	Malpractice	TBD
	Product Liability	Law relating to liability for injuries caused by defective or unsafe products.
Transportation Law		Law involving transportation infrastructure and all forms of road, railway, water and air transport.
	Aviation Law	Law that concerns flight, air travel, and associated legal and business concerns.
	Motor Vehicle Law	Law covering all the aspects of registering and titling motor vehicles, and licensing drivers.
	Railway Law	Law that concerns railways and associated legal and business concerns.